Paul J. Nickels

Research and Analysis

Our research informs the public and policymakers by examining economic issues of importance to those in our local communities, across the nation, and around the world.
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  We publish research and analyses to keep audiences informed of economic trends in our region and nationwide. View latest releases or explore our archive.
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- Inflation questions?
  Visit our Center for Inflation Research for all things inflation—from general information on how inflation works and why it matters to the latest data and analysis on current inflationary trends.

Region and Community

We represent and gather information from the Fourth Federal Reserve District, spanning Ohio and parts of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Kentucky. These resources are useful for our region, the communities we serve, and communities across the United States.
- Our region
  
  Learn about our work to advance understanding of economic trends affecting the Fourth District.
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  The Cleveland Fed offers numerous resources to promote economic opportunity for residents across our region and the US.
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Education

Learn economic basics, dive into inflation, and get educational resources and games for yourself or to share with others.
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  - Infographics on Inflation
  - Inflation 101
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- Financial Literacy Curriculum
  Learn more about resources supporting required high school financial literacy courses.

Banking and Payments

We supervise financial institutions, support American consumers’ financial security, and maintain the financial stability and payment systems for the US Treasury.
- Banking research and tools
  
  The Cleveland Fed provides a range of tools for tracking trends in the lending environment.
- For consumers
  
  Learn about the resources we offer to help people in the community navigate the financial system.
- For financial institutions
  
  Understand the various requirements for Fed-chartered financial institutions and discover the range of services available to them—from cash services and reserve balance data to the discount window.
- Supporting the financial system
  
  Find out how the Cleveland Fed supervises member banks to ensure financial-system stability and support the US Treasury.

About Us

We serve the American people as part of the US central bank. We support the US economy and our region by studying economic conditions and issues that impact our communities, serving financial institutions, and providing economic education and resources for all.
- Our leadership
  
  Meet the individuals leading our mission, including the president and executive leadership team, advisory council members, and the boards of directors of each Cleveland Fed branch.
- Our work in the community
  
  Community outreach is central to the Fed’s mission. Find out about new programs, upcoming events, and other ways to connect with us.
- Who we are
  
  The Fed does far more than inform monetary policy. Learn about the mission, structure, and role of our organization, both regionally and nationally.
- We have a long-standing commitment to diversity, equity, inclusion, and opportunity for our employees and the communities we serve.

Person

Paul J. Nickels is a contributing author and former employee of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.

Economic Commentaries

Economic Commentary

Current Outlook: Sustained Growth, Sustained Inflation

John Erceg Paul J. Nickels

06.15.1990 | EC 6/15/1990

Forecasters attending the most recent Fourth District Economists’ Roundtable expect a stronger long-term growth path for the economy than experienced in past months, with brightened prospects for manufacturing following last year’s slowdown.

Economic Commentary

The Economic Outlook: Growth Weakens, Inflation Unchanged

John Erceg Paul J. Nickels

03.01.1990 | EC 3/1/1990

The consensus forecast among economists attending the most recent Fourth District Economists’ Roundtable calls for continuing slow growth well into 1990 followed by a more rapid growth in output by late this year.

Economic Commentary

How Soft a Landing?

Paul J. Nickels John Erceg

11.15.1989 | EC 11/15/1989

While nearly everyone in attendance at a recent Fourth District Economists’ Roundtable agreed that the economy is in a cooling-off period that should last well into 1990, few predicted a recession.

Topics: Inflation, Econometrics modeling and forecasting, Economic growth

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