Garrett Borawski

Research and Analysis

Our research informs the public and policymakers by examining economic issues of importance to those in our local communities, across the nation, and around the world.
- Research teams
- Publications
  
  We publish research and analyses to keep audiences informed of economic trends in our region and nationwide. View latest releases or explore our archive.
- Events
- Inflation questions?
  Visit our Center for Inflation Research for all things inflation—from general information on how inflation works and why it matters to the latest data and analysis on current inflationary trends.

Region and Community

We represent and gather information from the Fourth Federal Reserve District, spanning Ohio and parts of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Kentucky. These resources are useful for our region, the communities we serve, and communities across the United States.
- Our region
  
  Learn about our work to advance understanding of economic trends affecting the Fourth District.
- Our communities
  
  The Cleveland Fed offers numerous resources to promote economic opportunity for residents across our region and the US.
- Events
  
  Hear from local leaders and community development experts about economic problems their communities face and the solutions they are putting forth.
- By topic
  
  Looking for the Fed’s work on a particular subject? Narrow your search to the areas that interest you.

Education

Learn economic basics, dive into inflation, and get educational resources and games for yourself or to share with others.
- What’s new?
  
  Explore the latest educational resources from the Cleveland Fed—from interactive articles and video explainers to games.
  - Infographics on Inflation
  - Inflation 101
- Financial Literacy and Career Readiness
  
  Browse the Cleveland Fed’s suite of programs and resources for informative ways to learn about personal finance or career readiness.
- Visits and tours
  
  Visit us to learn more about our history and our ongoing work to promote financial literacy throughout our region.
  - Visit Us
- Financial Literacy Curriculum
  Learn more about resources supporting required high school, middle school, and elementary school financial literacy courses.

Banking and Payments

We supervise financial institutions, support American consumers’ financial security, and maintain the financial stability and payment systems for the US Treasury.
- Banking research and tools
  
  The Cleveland Fed provides a range of tools for tracking trends in the lending environment.
- For consumers
  
  Learn about the resources we offer to help people in the community navigate the financial system.
- For financial institutions
  
  Understand the various requirements for Fed-chartered financial institutions and discover the range of services available to them—from cash services and reserve balance data to the discount window.
- Supporting the financial system
  
  Find out how the Cleveland Fed supervises member banks to ensure financial-system stability and support the US Treasury.

About Us

We serve the American people as part of the US central bank. We support the US economy and our region by studying economic conditions and issues that impact our communities, serving financial institutions, and providing economic education and resources for all.
- Our leadership
  
  Meet the individuals leading our mission, including the president and executive leadership team, advisory council members, and the boards of directors of each Cleveland Fed branch.
- Who we are and what we do
  
  The Fed does more than inform monetary policy. Learn about the mission, structure, and role of our organization, both regionally and nationally.
- Sharing our work
  
  Community outreach, education, and research are central to the Fed’s mission. Connect with us as we share our work, latest publications, and welcome you to visit our learning center.
- We have a long-standing commitment to diversity, equity, inclusion, and opportunity for our employees and the communities we serve.

Person

Garrett Borawski is a contributing author and former employee of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland.

Economic Commentaries

Economic Commentary

How Well Did PPP Loans Reach Low- and Moderate-Income Communities?

Garrett Borawski Mark E. Schweitzer

05.27.2021 | EC 2021-13

We investigate the degree to which Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) loans reached small businesses in low- and moderate-income (LMI) communities. We find evidence that the program did have a broad reach within LMI communities, but that it reached higher-income communities to a greater extent and areas with Black, Hispanic, and American Indian or Alaska Native majorities to a lesser extent.

Topics: Economic equity and inclusion, Public health crises

Economic Commentary

Which Industries Received PPP Loans?

Garrett Borawski Mark E. Schweitzer

04.01.2021 | EC 2021-08

We examine the financial challenges faced by small businesses during the COVID-19 pandemic and estimate the scale of loans provided to small businesses through the Paycheck Protection Program. We find that the program reached businesses throughout the economy, and we estimate that small businesses in most industry sectors received loans equivalent to between 80 percent and 120 percent of 10 weeks of their 2017 payrolls. That said, there are important differences in the distribution of funds across sectors that suggest some businesses had problems accessing loans and that a significant number of firms with more than 500 employees likely used alternative size criteria to qualify for the program.

Topics: Small businesses, Public health crises

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