People and Households

Challenges tied to race, poverty, and more can combine and become even more overwhelming to address. Taking a holistic approach can improve economic outcomes.

Top concerns for this survey’s respondents include the lack of affordable housing, continued impacts of inflation on household budgets, and the impact from the ending of expanded SNAP benefits.

Temporary policies put in place to protect renters are beginning to expire. To understand how the crisis is affecting evictions, our researchers measured eviction filing activity in 44 cities and counties across the nation.

To achieve digitally inclusive communities, one must consider both access to and affordability of broadband. This program can help with both.

This summer, the Cleveland Fed held its first listening session to hear perspectives from workers—particularly low-wage workers and workers of color. The biggest takeaway? Job quality—not just a paycheck—is more important than ever.

In 2020, several media stories reported that residents were leaving urban neighborhood because they feared contracting COVID-19. However, people’s taking flight from urban areas is only part of the reason dense neighborhoods were left with fewer residents.

Food insecurity has been a familiar issue for many lower-income households. But pandemic-related school and business closures put additional families in a new territory of needing to supplement their food budgets.

In March 2022, we surveyed more than 500 service providers who directly serve LMI individuals and communities across our District. The results of this survey provide insights into how organizations and the households they serve are faring as they continue to navigate effects from the COVID-19 pandemic and the growing impact of inflation.

Despite expectations that supply chain challenges would have subsided, disruptions continue. In response, some firms are making changes to the way that they manage their supply chains, and these changes are expected to be long-lasting.

We know that the COVID-19 deaths were disproportionate across age groups. And some research has suggested the virus affects individuals differently, inviting comparisons across other demographic groups. Our researchers argue that failing to adjust for age among such comparisons may lead to incorrect conclusions.

Getting a raise is usually a good thing. But what if it comes at the cost of losing a benefit that you rely on? Here’s what some organizations are doing to help workers navigate the path to economic independence.

Manufacturing jobs have long been associated with good wages. While some manufacturing workers still enjoy relatively high wages, the premium for workers on the factory floor has shrunk dramatically. Why? And what does it mean for workforce policy?