States

Our district encompasses all of Ohio, western Pennsylvania, eastern Kentucky, and the northern panhandle of West Virginia. We find it useful to compare data at the state, Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs), county, city, or local levels, where the availability of data makes such comparisons possible. We compare data for the region against data at the national level, too, to gain a sense of how the states we represent in the Fourth Federal Reserve District are faring relative to the nation. Check out our data and analyses, which we update regularly.

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The Opioid Epidemic and Its Effects: What We Know
With drug overdoses being the leading cause of death for Americans under the age of 50, Cleveland Fed researchers examine the opioid epidemic’s effect on the region. Read their findings.
Labor Market Tightness across the United States since the Great Recession
Though labor market statistics are often reported and discussed at the national level, conditions can vary quite a bit across individual states. We explore differences in these labor market conditions across US states before and after the Great Recession using a ratio of the number of unemployed workers to job vacancies. We show that the intensity of the adverse effects of the recession and the strength of the recovery varied geographically at all points in the process. We also demonstrate that wage growth is delayed until the ratio of unemployed workers to job vacancies returns to prerecession levels. Read More
Unemployment, Vacant Properties, Population Decline: Finding Solutions in Dayton
Explore three ways community leaders in southern Ohio are responding to persistent challenges. Might they work in your region? Read More

Recent Articles

Lexington—A Strong Labor Market but Some Signs of Stress

The Lexington metro area’s unemployment rate remained low as of June 2018, and employment grew during 2017. However, per capita consumer debt levels and credit card delinquency rates have ticked up in recent quarters. Read More
Pittsburgh—Employment Momentum Stalls

After nine months of the first meaningful employment gains in five years, employment growth in the Pittsburgh metro area stalled in the final quarter of 2017. And though the unemployment rate fell in the first half of 2018, it fell for the wrong reason. Read More
Cincinnati—Positive Conditions Continue

Recent unemployment rates have been the lowest the metro area has seen since 2001. Employment gains were broad based, with most major sectors seeing increases. Per capita GDP grew. And though per capita consumer debt levels have drifted down, credit card delinquency rates have drifted up. Read More
Cleveland—Slow Improvement Continues

A falling unemployment rate combined with slow, steady growth in employment is a sign of real improvement in the local labor market. GDP per capita and income per capita grew slowly in 2016. Consumer debt per capita and the credit card delinquency rate remain at relatively low levels, and median home values continue to rise. Read More
Home Lending in Lucas County Neighborhoods

Focusing on Lucas County, home to the city of Toledo, Ohio, begins with a broad look at application and origination activity during the past 27 years (1990–2016) and then delves into trends during the 13-year period from 2004 to 2016. Using maps and a series of figures and tables, we tell the story of mortgage lending during these periods from both the neighborhood and borrower perspectives. Read More